Clinical Laboratory Investigation and Psychiatry: A Practical Handbook

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Clinical Laboratory Investigation and Psychiatry: A Practical Handbook

By Russell Foster, Maudsley Hospital, Lonon, UK

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Book Specifications

Available to Purchase
Published: October 2008
ISBN: 9780415478441
eISBN: 9780203092156
First Edition
532 pages
Format: Softcover
Size: 210 x 148mm
1 Black and White Illustrations

Quick Overview

Explores day-to-day psychiatric practices and various situations that arise in the field of mental health.

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A precise, practical handbook, Clinical Laboratory Investigation and Psychiatry is an invaluable tool that explores day-to-day psychiatric practices and various situations that arise in the field of mental health. This unique and resourceful textbook is a must-have aid for front-line clinicians, psychiatrists, and other professionals working in the field of adult mental health.

This complete guide to clinical psychiatry:

examines methods for improving patient care and clinical outcomes
extensively investigates which blood samples and tests to consider when dealing with mental health patients
illustrates the possible clinical outcomes and interprets them in an easy-to-access format
deals with the complexities of patients under difficult circumstances
guides clinicians through the proper use of the clinical laboratory

Part One

Introduction

Laboratory Aspects of Specific Psychiatric Disorders:

Anxiety Disorders

Bipolar Affective Disorder

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Delirium

Dementias

Depression

Eating Disorders

Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia

Somatoform Disorders

Stress Reactions

Suicide/Deliberate Self-Harm

Selected Psychiatric Medication-Associated Syndromes And Emergencies

Anticonvulsant Hypersensitivity Syndrome

Central Anticholinergic Syndrome

Disulfiram–Alcohol Reaction

Eosinophilia–Myalgia Syndrome

Lethal (Pernicious) Catatonia

Malignant Hyperthermia

Metabolic Syndrome

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

Serotonin Syndrome

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion

Physical Restraint and Rapid Tranquilization

Laboratory Aspects of Psychopharmacology General Psychopharmacology • Introduction • Antidepressants • Duloxetine • Flupentixol • Maprotiline • Mianserin • Mirtazepine • Moclobemide • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors • Reboxetine • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors • Trazodone • Tricyclic antidepressants • Tryptophan • Venlafaxine • Antipsychotics • Phenothiazines and related agents • Benperidol • Chlorpromazine • Flupentixol • Fluphenazine • Haloperidol • Levomepromazine • Pericyazine • Perphenazine • Pimozide • Pipotiazine • Prochlorperazine • Promazine • Sulpiride • Thioridazine • Trifluoperazine • Zuclopenthixol • Atypicals • Amisulpride • Aripiprazole • Clozapine • Olanzapine • Paliperidone • Quetiapine • Risperidone • Sertindole • Zotepine • Anxiolytics and Hypnotics • Anxiolytics • Benzodiazepines • Buspirone • Beta blockers • Meprobamate • Barbiturates • Pregabalin • Hypnotics • Benzodiazepines • ‘Z’ Agents: Zaleplon, Zolpidem, Zopiclone • Chloral Hydrate • Triclofos • Clomethiazole • Antihistamines (e.g. Promethazine) • Mood Stabilizers/Anticonvulsants • Carbamazepine • Valproic Acid • Lamotrigine • Lithium • Pregabalin • Miscellaneous Agents • Antidementia Drugs • Donepezil • Galantamine • Memantine • Rivastigmine • Antimuscarinics • Benztropine • Hyoscine • Orphenadrine • Procyclidine • CNS Stimulants • Dexamphetamine • Modafinil • Drugs Used in Substance Dependence • Acamprosate • Acetylcysteine • Disulfiram • Buprenorphine • Bupropion • Flumazenil • Lofexidine • Methadone • Naloxone • Naltrexone • Nicotine • Pabrinex® (Parenteral Thiamine Complex) • Omega-3 Triglycerides • Psychotropics Associated With Abnormal Glucose Metabolism • Agents Associated With Hyperglycaemia • Agents Associated With Hypoglycaemia • Summary of Haematological Effects of Psychotropics • Psychotropics Associated With Agranulocytosis • Psychotropics Associated With Anaemia • Psychotropics associated with increased APTT • Psychotropics Associated With Basophilia • Psychotropics Associated With Eosinophilia • Psychotropics Associated With Decreased Erythrocyte Counts • Psychotropics associated with a raised ESR • Psychotropics Associated With Decreased Haemoglobin • Psychotropics Associated With Impaired Platelet Aggregation • Psychotropics Associated With Leukocytosis • Psychotropics Associated With Leukopaenia • Psychotropic Associated With Lymphopaenia • Psychotropics Associated With Monocytosis • Psychotropics Associated With Neutropaenia • Psychotropics Associated With Pancytopaenia •Psychotropics Associated With Thrombocytopaenia • Psychotropics Associated With Thrombocytosis • Psychotropics Associated With Hepatotoxicity • Agents Specifically Associated With Cholestasis • Agents Specifically Associated With Hepatocellular Injury • Psychotropics Associated With Nephrotoxicity • Psychotropics Specifically Associated With Thyroid Dysfunction • Agents Associated With Hyperthyroidism • Agents Associated With Hypothyroidism • Psychotropics Associated With Pancreatitis • Psychotropics Associated With Raised Cholesterol/Hyperlipidaemia 5. Laboratory Aspects of Psychopharmacology 2: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring • Important Facts • Carbamazepine • Clozapine • Lamotrigine • Lithium • Olanzapine • Valproate • Other Agents 6. Laboratory Aspects of Important Organic Disorders with Psychiatric Sequelae • Addison’s Syndrome • Cushing’s Syndrome • Diabetes Mellitus • Hyperparathyroidism • Hyperthyroidism • Hypoparathyroidism • Hypopituitarism • Hypothyroidism • Iron-Deficiency Anaemia • Metachromatic Leukodystrophy • Multiple Sclerosis • Neuroacanthocytosis • Phaeochromocytoma • Porphyria • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Uraemic Encephalopathy • Water Intoxication • Wernicke–Korsakoff Syndrome • Wilson’s Disease (Hepatolentricular Degeneration) 7. Laboratory aspects of alcohol and drug use • General Aspects • Alcohol • Amphetamine • Caffeine • Cannabis • Cocaine • Ecstasy (MOMA, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) • Gamma Hydroxybutyrate • Ketamine • Khat • Nitrites • Opioids • Phencyclidine • Steroids (Anabolic) • Clinical Features of Intoxication • Tobacco • Volatile Solvents • Miscellaneous Agents 8. Miscellaneous topics • Hepatic Failure • Laboratory Features of Hepatic Failure • Summary of Classification of Liver Failure • Renal Failure and Dehydration • Acute Renal Failure • Chronic Renal Failure • Acute Versus Chronic Renal Failure • Dehydration • Physiological Conditions Specific to Women • Menstrual Disorders • Pregnancy • Lactation • Laboratory Aspects of Sexual Dysfunction • Electroconvulsive Therapy • Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid • Macroscopic Analysis of CSF • Laboratory Analysis of CSF • CSF Changes in Various Diseases • Analysis of Urine • Macroscopic Analysis of Urine • Laboratory Analysis of Urine • Urine Dipstick • Qualitative Urine Drug Screening • Microbiological Analysis of Urine • Laboratory Aspects of Clinical Nutrition • Vitamins • Vitamin A • Biotin • Folate (Folic Acid) • Pantothenic Acid • Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) • Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) • Vitamin B3 (Niacin, Nicotinic Acid) • Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) • Vitamin B12 • Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) • Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol) • Vitamin E (-Tocopherol) • Vitamin K (See Also Prothrombin Time) • Malnutrition • Obesity • Psychiatric Conditions Associated With Weight Gain/Loss • Medical Conditions Associated With Obesity • Medical Complications of Obesity • Psychotropics Associated With Weight Loss • Psychotropics Associated With Weight Gain • Baseline Blood Tests in Obese Patients • Hyperalimentation and Re-Feeding • Vegetarian/Vegan Diets • Special populations • Age • Ethnicity • Gender • Miscellaneous Behavioural States • Hyperventilation • Hyperthermia • Hypothermia • Psychomotor Agitation • Psychomotor Retardation • Trace Metals and Psychiatry • Aluminium • Arsenic • Bismuth • Chromium • Cobalt • Copper • Gold • Iron • Lead • Magnesium • Manganese • Mercury • Nickel • Selenium • Thallium • Tin • Vanadium • Zinc • The Microbiology Laboratory and Psychiatry • General Principles • Serology • Notifiable Diseases in the UK • Specific Infections • Brucellosis • Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease • Herpes Simplex • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Infectious Mononucleosis • Lyme Disease • Malaria (Cerebral) • Meningitis • Neurosyphilis • Tuberculosis • The Immunology Laboratory and Psychiatry • Specific Psychiatric Associations and Immunological Parameters • Specific Autoantibodies • Disease Associations with Specific Autoantibodies • System ‘Screens’ and Basic Laboratory ‘Patterns’ in Selected Medical Presentations • System ‘Screens’ • Laboratory ‘Patterns’ PART TWO

9. Specific Laboratory Parameters and Psychiatry
• Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) • Alanine Transferase • Albumin • Alkaline Phosphatase • Amylase • Aspartate Aminotransferase • Basophils • Bicarbonate • Bilirubin • C-Reactive Protein • Calcium • Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin • Chloride • Cholesterol • Creatine Kinase • Creatinine • Eosinophils • Erythrocytes • Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate • Ferritin • Gamma Glutamyl Transferase • Glomerular Filtration Rate • Glucose: Fasting • Glucose: Random • Glycated Haemoglobin • Haemoglobin • Lactate Dehydrogenase • Lipoproteins • Low-Density Lipoprotein • High-Density Lipoprotein • Lymphocytes • Mean Cell Haemoglobin • Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration • Mean Cell Volume • Monocytes • Neutrophils • Packed Cell Volume (Haematocrit) • Phosphate • Platelets • Potassium • Prolactin • Protein (Total) • Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio • Red Cell Distribution Width • Reticulocyte Count • Sodium • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone • Thyroxine • Triglycerides • Triiodothyronine • Urate (Uric Acid) • Urea • White Cell Count (Total)

Russell Foster is of the Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, UK and The Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London, UK.

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Clinical Laboratory Investigation and Psychiatry: A Practical Handbook

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